Overview
Albumin is a group of serum proteins produced by the liver that maintain oncotic pressure and transport certain hydrophobic compounds.
Normal Range
- 32 - 45 g/L
Albumin has a plasma half-life of three weeks, meaning that its concentration changes very slowly in response to changes in synthesis.
Hypoalbuminaemia
A reduction in serum albumin may occur due to reduced production, increased proteolysis (protein breakdown) or increased loss.
As albumin is essential for the maintenance of oncotic pressure, hypoalbuminaemia may manifest with widespread oedema.
Causes of Hypoalbuminaemia
- Reduced synthesis - malnutrition, malabsorption, liver disease
- Increased breakdown - infection, inflammation, malignancy, hyperthyroidism
- Increased loss - nephrotic syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy, severe burns
- Dilutional
Hyperalbuminaemia
Increased serum albumin is uncommon, and strongly suggests dehydration.
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