Metabolic Alkalosis
February 15th, 2021
Overview
Look For
- Alkalaemia with raised bicarbonate.
Expected Compensation
- Increase in PaCO₂ = 0.8 x HCO₃ + 20
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis
- Bicarbonate excess - milk alkali syndrome (antacids), massive transfusion, dialysis
- GI acid loss - vomiting, NG aspirates, gastric fistula
- Renal acid loss - diuretics, hyperaldosteronism, Cushing's, steroids
- Compartmental shift - hypokalaemia
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