LDH Isoenzyme Abnormalities
April 24th, 2019
Overview
There are five LDH isoenzymes composed of two H (heart) and M (muscle) subunits. The isoenzymes are classified depending on their migration on electrophoresis.
The isoenzyme electrophoresis pattern is relatively non-specific, though specific patterns of isoenzyme elevation are classically (yet loosely) associated with certain diseases.
Interpretation
- Elevated LDH1 and LDH2 - myocardial infarction, brain injury, renal pathology, haemolytic or megaloblastic anaemias
- LDH1 > LDH2 ('flipped' LDH) - myocardial infarction
- Elevated LDH2 and LDH3 - acute leukaemia
- Elevated LDH3 and LDH4 - splenic or lung pathology
- Elevated LDH5 - liver or skeletal muscular pathology
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