Overview
High flow devices deliver an amount of gas that is sufficient to meet the patient’s total minute ventilation, allowing for delivery of a precise amount of oxygen.
Venturi Mask
A Venturi mask contains an entrainment device that uses the Bernoulli principle to entrain a precise amount of oxygen along with room air. This allows for a predictable FiO2 in patients where this is required.
| Colour | O₂ Flow | FiO₂ |
| Blue | 2 L/min | 0.24 |
| White | 4 L/min | 0.28 |
| Orange | 6 L/min | 0.31 |
| Yellow | 8 L/min | 0.35 |
| Red | 10 L/min | 0.40 |
| Green | 15 L/min | 0.60 |
High Flow Nasal Prongs
High flow nasal prongs (HFNP) allow high flow of a precise amount of oxygen, and are useful in patients with hypoxic respiratory failure. The system is humidified, meaning that they can be used for longer periods of time. These systems also provide a small amount of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), helping to keep the airways open.
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