Overview
Tuberculosis is the disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and may affect almost any organ in the body resulting in a wide range of clinical presentations. In patients with a history of tuberculosis, it is important to understand the risk factors, natural history and past treatment of disease.
Ask About
- Diagnosis - symptoms, affected organs, how TB was diagnosed
- Risk factors - immunosuppression, alcohol, malnutrition, diabetes
- Travel history - immigrant status, recent travel
- Management - which medications over how long
- Public health implications - exposure to contacts, family
Risk Factors for Tuberculosis
- Immunosuppression - HIV, post transplant, autoimmune disease
- Alcohol abuse
- Malnutrition
- Diabetes
- Smoking
Management
Management Options
Latent TB
- Isoniazid
- Rifampicin
Active TB
- First line (HRZE) - isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol
- Other options - amikacin, capreomucin, moxifloxacin, linezolid, cycloserine, clofazimine, meropenem, augmentin
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