Overview
Aspects of Fluency
- Rate of speech - words or syllables per minute
- Continuity of speech - lack of hesitation or pauses
- Effort of speech - due to muscular, word-finding or sentence structure difficulty
- Interjections - added sounds such as um, ah
- Repetition - word or syllable repetition, e.g. stuttering
- Paraphasias: switching of a word in a sentence for another incorrect word
- Neologisms: new words created by the patient
Paraphasias
Paraphasias involve the switching of a word in a sentence for another incorrect word.
Types of Paraphasias
- Phonemic paraphasia: the substitution, addition or rearrangement of sounds in a word, e.g. pike or kipe instead of pipe
- Verbal paraphasia: a word is switched with another word that has a semantic relationship to it, e.g. apple instead of orange
- Neologistic paraphasias: a word is switched with another word that does not exist in the language
Significance
- Classically associated with receptive (Wernicke's) aphasia.
Neologisms
Neologisms are new words that are created by the patient, that don't exist in their language - examples include bluck, deak, gleeb.
Significance
- Production of neologisms is classically associated with receptive (Wernicke's) aphasia.
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