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The Mouth

February 15th, 2021
 
 
 
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Oral Candidiasis

  • Look For

  • Creamy white lesions present on the tongue or inner cheeks, which may be associated with angular cheilitis or glossitis.
  • Significance

  • Infection with Candida species.
  • Risk Factors

  • Dry mouth
  • Inhaled steroids
  • Immunosuppression
  • Antibiotic use
  • Smoking
  • Diabetes

Mouth Ulcers

  • Look For

  • Ulcers in the mouth, noting their number, size, colour and distribution.
  • Significance

  • May be an indicator of leukaemia or bacterial infection secondary to agranulocytosis.
  • Causes of Mouth Ulcers

  • Trauma - mechanical / chemical / radiation
  • Aphthous stomatitis
  • Dermatoses - pemphigus, lichen planus, erythema multiforme
  • Infection - herpes simplex (cold sore), varicella zoster, coxsackie (hand, foot and mouth), syphilis, bacterial, candidiasis
  • Rheumatological - SLE, Reiter's syndrome
  • GIT - Crohn's, coeliac disease
  • Drugs - antineoplastics
  • Malignancy - especially leukaemia
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