Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
July 1st, 2020
Overview
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disorder that causes left ventricular hypertrophy (particularly of the interventricular septum), which may be obstructive or non-obstructive.
Signs of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Peripheral Signs
- Double carotid impulse
- Prominent a waves within the jugular venous pulsation
Central Signs
- Double apical impulse
- Paradoxical splitting of the second heart sound (S2): single S2 during inspiration and split S2 during expiration
- Presence of a fourth heart sound (S4)
- Late systolic murmur (LV outflow tract obstruction) that increases with valsalva manoeuvre and decreases with squatting
- Pansystolic murmur loudest at the apex (mitral regurgitation)
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