The Ankle Exam Bookmark ShareExamination of the ankles and feet is performed to identify and localise pathology affecting the bones, joints or soft tissues associated with the ankle.***Positioning: Patient sitting comfortablyThe PatientAround the RoomMobility devices, sling, brace, etc.General FeaturesAge, gender, general comfort, scarsLookAssistance DevicesStick, brace, sling, castFootwearAbnormal, asymmetric, poor fit, orthoticSwellingOver muscles, bones or jointsFoot PostureFoot arch, angle of heel, foot position, symmetryFoot ArchPes planus, pes cavusAngle of the HeelNeutral, inverted or evertedFoot PositionIntoeing / outtoeingSkin ChangesRashes, scars, erythema, callositiesMusclesWasting, spasm, fasciculationsToesDeformities, hallux valgus, nail changesGaitCadence, rhythm, symmetryFeelTemperaturePalpate with the back of the handBony LandmarksMalleoli, tarsals, metatarsals, phalangesMusclesMuscle bulk, tenderness, spasmTendonsPeroneal, tibialis posterior / anterior, EHL, EDLJoint LinesTibiotalar, subtalar, Chopart'sPulsesPosterior tibial, dorsalis pedisMoveActive → PassiveAsk before stressing painful jointsDorsiflexion Foot upward toward head20°Plantar FlexionFoot downward toward floor45°InversionSole rolls inward30°EversionSole rolls outward15°Special TestsSimmonds-Thompson TestAchilles tendon ruptureSqueeze calf muscles, normally passive plantar flexionOn this page: The PatientLookFeelMoveSpecial Tests