- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Na⁺ / K⁺ ATPase, causing sodium influx which results in calcium influx through reduced action of the Na⁺ / Ca²⁺ exchange pump.
- Increases contractility (positive inotropy) and decreases heart rate (negative chronotropy).
Pharmacology
- Takes 5-7 days to achieve a therapeutic effect.
Clinical Use
- Indications
- Heart failure
- Atrial fibrillation
- Adverse Effects
- Electrolyte abnormalities
- Dizziness / headache
- Blurred vision
- Nausea / vomiting / diarrhea
- Sinus bradycardia
Monitoring
- Has a narrow therapeutic index, thus levels must be monitored regularly.
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