Pathogenesis
Risk Factors for Ischaemic Heart Disease
- Family history of ischaemic heart disease
- Advanced age
- Smoking
- Hypertension
- Hyperlipidaemia
- Diabetes mellitus
- Physical inactivity
- Obesity
Manifestations
Clinical Features
- Angina - frequency, onset, management
- Heart failure symptoms - exertional dyspnoea, orthopnoea, paroxysmal noctural dyspnoea, peripheral oedema
- Exercise tolerance
Complications of Ischaemic Heart Disease
- Atrioventricular (AV) block
- Cardiogenic shock
- Heart failure
- Valvular pathology - e.g. acute mitral regurgitation
- Ventricular rupture - septum / ventricular wall
- Cardiac arrest
Management
Management of Stable Ischaemic Heart Disease
Non-Pharmacologic
- Smoking cessation
- Dietary optimisation
- Exercise
Pharmacologic
- Antiplatelet - aspirin
- Manage risk factors - hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes
Surgical Options
- Surgery - coronary artery bypass graft
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