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Lower Respiratory Disease
 
Lower Respiratory Disease
 

Asthma

 
 
 
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Pathogenesis

  • Risk Factors for Asthma

  • Family history of asthma
  • Atopy
  • Obesity
  • Potential Asthma Triggers

  • Environmental

  • Aeroallergens - pollens, dust mits, pet dander, mold
  • Cigarrette smoke
  • Air pollution
  • Other

  • Respiratory viral infections
  • Medications - beta blockers, NSAIDs
  • Exercise
  • Stress
  • Cold

Manifestations

  • Complications of Asthma

  • Pneumonia
  • Atelectasis
  • Mucous plugging
  • Pneumothorax
  • Pneumomediastinum

Management

  • Management Strategies

  • Lifestyle Measures

  • Avoidance of triggers
  • Smoking cessation
  • Pharmacologic Measures

  • Short-acting beta agonists (SABAs) - salbutamol, terbutaline
  • Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs) - salmeterol, formoterol, indacaterol
  • Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) - beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone, ciclesonide
  • ICS / LABA combinations - budesonide / formoterol, fluticasone / salmeterol, fluticasone / formoterol, fluticasone / vilanterol
  • Monoclonal antibodies - omalizumab, mepolizumab
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