Pathogenesis
Risk Factors for Asthma
- Family history of asthma
- Atopy
- Obesity
Potential Asthma Triggers
Environmental
- Aeroallergens - pollens, dust mits, pet dander, mold
- Cigarrette smoke
- Air pollution
Other
- Respiratory viral infections
- Medications - beta blockers, NSAIDs
- Exercise
- Stress
- Cold
Manifestations
Complications of Asthma
- Pneumonia
- Atelectasis
- Mucous plugging
- Pneumothorax
- Pneumomediastinum
Management
Management Strategies
Lifestyle Measures
- Avoidance of triggers
- Smoking cessation
Pharmacologic Measures
- Short-acting beta agonists (SABAs) - salbutamol, terbutaline
- Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs) - salmeterol, formoterol, indacaterol
- Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) - beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone, ciclesonide
- ICS / LABA combinations - budesonide / formoterol, fluticasone / salmeterol, fluticasone / formoterol, fluticasone / vilanterol
- Monoclonal antibodies - omalizumab, mepolizumab
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