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Arthropathies
 
Arthropathies
 

Gout

 
 
 
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Pathogenesis

  • Risk Factors

  • Male gender
  • Obesity
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Drugs - diuretics, ethambutol, certain chemotherapeutic agents
  • Excess purine-rich foods - beer, shellfish, liver, marmite
  • Excess sucrose / fructose intake
  • Alcohol excess

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Signs

  • Active monoarthritis - particularly of the first MTP joint (podagra) or tarsal joint
  • Asymmetric polyarthritis
  • Gouty tophi - particularly over joints; the olecranon bursa at the elbow; the helix of the ear; the infrapatellar and achilles tendons
  • X-Ray Findings

  • Soft tissue swelling
  • Joint space preservation (no joint space narrowing)
  • Tophi - periarticular radiolucent masses
  • Juxta-articular 'punched-out' erosions
  • Joint destruction (late)
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