Overview
Peptic ulcer disease is a common condition where ulcers may form in the stomach or duodenum. This may be as a result of Helicobacter pylori infection, medications, stress or dietary factors.
Pathogenesis
Causes of Peptic Ulcer Disease
- Helicobacter pylori infection
- Medications - NSAIDs, steroids, bisphosphonates, chemotherapy
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Gastric malignancy
- Acute illness
Manifestations
Complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease
- Upper GI bleeding
- Perforation
- Gastric outlet obstruction
Management
Management of Peptic Ulcer Disease
Pharmacologic
- H pylori eradication - triple or quadruple therapy
- Proton pump inhibitors - omeprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole
- H2 receptor antagonists - ranitidine, nizatidine
Interventional
- Endoscopic management - injection of adrenaline, coagulation, endoscopic clipping
- Surgical management (rare) - vagotomy, partial gastrectomy
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