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Bradyarrhythmias

Approach to bradycardia

Sinus Node Dysfunction

Atrial

Atrial Fibrillation with Slow Ventricular Response
Reduced transmission of fibrillatory waves due to defective conduction
Atrial Flutter with Variable Block
Sawtooth flutter waves with irregular ventricular rhythm
Atrial Escape Rhythm
Ventricular rate <60bpm with abnormal P waves

AV Node

Atrioventricular (AV) Block
Missed P waves due to delayed sinoatrial conduction
Junctional Escape Rhythm
Narrow QRS complexes without P waves at 40-60bpm

Ventricular

Ventricular Escape Rhythm
Wide complexes at <40bpm with dissociated or absent P waves

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Meek S, Morris F. ABC Of Clinical Electrocardiography: Introduction. British Medical Journal 2002; Vol. 324, No. 7335; pp. 470-473 Link

Money-Kyrle, Andrew. ECG interpretation made simple. GP (Nov 12, 2010): 36-37. Link

Nora Goldschlager, and Galen Wagner. Electrocardiogram interpretation. Journal of Electrocardiology, 2007-07-01, Volume 40, Issue 4, Pages 326-326. Link

Surawicz B, Childers R, Deal BJ, Gettes LS. AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part III: intraventricular conduction disturbances a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2009 Mar 17;53(11):976-81. Pubmed